Cannabis (marijuana) is the most widely used illicit substance in the United States and one of the most rapidly expanding consumer products globally. While much of the research on cannabis has focused on its neurological and psychological effects, growing evidence suggests that cannabis may also impact cardiovascular health — particularly among young adults.
Understanding THC and Its Effect on the Body
The main psychoactive component of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), interacts with two receptors in the human body:
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CB1 receptors, primarily located in the brain, but also present in the heart, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and blood vessels.
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CB2 receptors, mainly found in immune cells, where they help regulate inflammation.
When THC activates CB1 receptors, it can trigger increased heart rate and blood pressure, both of which place added strain on the cardiovascular system. Repeated or high-dose exposure may, over time, contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction.
How Cannabis Affects the Cardiovascular System
Scientific studies have linked THC consumption to several heart-related effects, including:
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Elevated blood pressure and heart rate shortly after use.
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Vasospasms, or sudden narrowing of blood vessels, which can restrict blood flow to the heart.
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Platelet aggregation, which may increase the risk of clot formation.
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Arteritis, inflammation of blood vessel walls, particularly in young male cannabis users.
These reactions can create a chain of events that increases the likelihood of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)—commonly known as a heart attack.
Cannabis and Heart Attack Risk in Young Adults
Recent large-scale population studies have found a notable rise in heart attack cases among younger cannabis users.
One study involving more than 210,000 cannabis users found that the incidence of heart attacks was 1.28% higher compared to non-users of the same age. Individuals aged 25–34 years were identified as the most vulnerable group.
Similarly, a 2017 study reported increased lifetime odds of acute myocardial infarction among recreational cannabis users and observed rising rates of both prevalence and mortality between 2010 and 2014.
While researchers emphasize that cannabis use is not the sole cause of these events, the findings raise important concerns about how cannabis interacts with other cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, obesity, or stress.
Key Takeaways
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Short-term effects: Elevated heart rate and blood pressure can occur within minutes of cannabis consumption.
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Long-term risks: Chronic use has been linked to arteritis, vasospasm, and a higher risk of arrhythmias or heart attacks.
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Younger users at risk: The highest rates of cannabis-related heart events occur in adults under 35.
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Need for more research: Although associations exist, more controlled studies are needed to determine direct causation.
Bicaro Holding’s Perspective
At Bicaro Holding, we believe in advancing scientific awareness and responsible cannabis use. Understanding potential cardiovascular effects helps consumers, policymakers, and healthcare professionals make informed decisions as cannabis legalization expands globally.
As part of our commitment to wellness and sustainable cannabis development, we encourage ongoing research that ensures cannabis is used safely and effectively — supporting both health and innovation.